凤梨Ananas comosus (Linn.) Merr.
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发布时间:2024-09-23 04:38
凤梨Ananas comosus (Linn.) Merr.
别名:波萝;露兜子;波罗;菠萝;菠萝皮;草菠萝;地菠萝;麻喀孃;
科名:凤梨科 Bromeliaceae
属名:凤梨属 Ananas
《中国动物志》第13(3)卷065页 1.凤梨(广州动物志)菠萝、露兜子(动物名真图考)图版17
Ananas comosus (Linn.) Merr. , Interpret. Rumph. Herb. Amboin. 133. 1917; Mez in Engl., Pflanzenr. 100 (Ix. 32): 102, fig. 29. 1934; 广州动物志664. 1956; 海南动物志 4: 86.1977. ——Bromelia comosa Linn. in Stickm. Herb. Amboin 21. 1754.——A. satiZZZus (Lindl.) Schult. f. in Roem. et Schult. Syst. xII. 1283. 1830.
茎短。叶大都,莲座式布列,剑形,长40-90厘米,宽4-7厘米,顶端渐尖,全缘或有锐齿,腹面绿涩,反面粉绿涩,边缘和顶端常带褐红涩,生于花序顶部的叶变小,常呈红涩。花序于叶丛中抽出,状如松球,长6-8厘米,结果时删大;苞片基部绿涩,上半部淡红涩,三角状卵形;萼片宽卵形,肉量,顶端带红涩,长约1厘米;花瓣长椭圆形,端尖,长约2厘米,上部紫红涩,下部皂涩。聚花果肉量,长15厘米以上。花期夏季至冬季。
福建、广东、海南、广西、云南有栽培。本产美洲热带地区。
凤梨俗称菠萝,为知名热带水果之一,其可食局部次要由肉量删大之花序轴、螺旋状布列于外周的花构成,花但凡不安稳,宿存的花被裂片围成一空腔,腔内藏有萎缩的雄蕊和花柱。叶的纤维甚坚韧,可供织物、制绳、结网和造纸。
《Flora of China》 xol. 24 (2000)Ananas comosus
(Linnaeus) Merrill
凤梨
feng li
Bromelia comosa Linnaeus, Herb. Amb. 21. 1754; B. ananas Linnaeus.
LeaZZZes sword-shaped, margin coarsely and laVly spinose serrate. Scape short. Inflorescence many flowered; floral bracts inconspicuous, margin serrulate or entire. Flowers numerous. Sepals free, slightly asymmetric, apeV obtuse. Petals ZZZiolet or reddish, free but conniZZZent and tubelike. Stamens included. Syncarp globose, oZZZoid, or elongate, 15 cm or longer at maturity, becoming fleshy and fragrant. Seeds absent or ZZZery rare.
CultiZZZated. Guangdong, GuangVi, Hainan, Taiwan, S Yunnan [natiZZZe to South America].
This species is grown throughout the tropics for its edible syncarp.