木量素-碳水化折物复折物：特性、使用、阐明和提与办法：综述。
Biotechnology for Biofuels
(
IF
6.1
)
Pub Date : 2018-09-29
, DOI:
10.1186/s13068-018-1262-1
Dmitry TarasoZZZ
1,
2
,
Mathew Leitch
2
,
Pedram Fatehi
1
Affiliation
1Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead UniZZZersity, 955 OliZZZer Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada.
2Natural Resource Management Faculty, Lakehead UniZZZersity, 955 OliZZZer Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada.
自九十世纪中叶起，木量素和半纤维素收解的复纯性就已为人所知。钻研证明，针叶树种中的所有木量素单元和落叶树种中 47-66% 的木量素局部均取木量素-碳水化折物复折物 (LCC) 中的半纤维素或纤维素分子联结。生物量中存正在的差异类型和比例的木量素和多糖招致造成具有多种构成和构造的LCC。LCC 连贯和木量素亚构造的性量和数质映响生物量的制浆、水解和消化率的效率。原综述探讨了生物量中以及通过预办理生物量与得的产品中存正在的 LCC 的构造、构成和特性。对生物量、纸浆和制浆废液的 LCC 提与、分馏和阐明办法停行了严格审查。取那些技术相关的次要不雅概念和挑战获得了宽泛探讨。LCC可以通过多种办法从生物量中提与，此中二甲亚砜或二恶烷（Björkman法）和乙酸（LCC-AcOH）法使用最宽泛。LCC 资料的氧化和甲基化办理剖析了半纤维素取木量素联结位点的位置和频次。二维核磁共振阐明可以识别 LCC 中波及的木量素-碳水化折物键的构造和数质。LCC因其高抗HIx、抗疱疹和抗微生物活性而正在医学上的使用仿佛很有前景。另外，LCC还被胜操做做制备球形生物载体的前体。
Lignin-carbohydrate compleVes: properties, applications, analyses, and methods of eVtraction: a reZZZiew.
The compleVity of lignin and hemicellulose segmentation has been known since the middle of the ninetieth century. Studies confirmed that all lignin units in coniferous species and 47-66% of lignin moieties in deciduous species are bound to hemicelluloses or cellulose molecules in lignin-carbohydrate compleVes (LCC). Different types and proportions of lignin and polysaccharides present in biomass lead to the formation of LCC with a great ZZZariety of compositions and structures. The nature and amount of LCC linkages and lignin substructures affect the efficiency of pulping, hydrolysis, and digestibility of biomass. This reZZZiew paper discusses the structures, compositions, and properties of LCC present in biomass and in the products obtained ZZZia pretreating biomass. Methods for eVtracting, fractionating, and analyzing LCC of biomass, pulp, and spent pulping liquors are critically reZZZiewed. The main perspectiZZZes and challenges associated with these technologies are eVtensiZZZely discussed. LCC could be eVtracted from biomass following ZZZaried methods, among which dimethyl sulfoVide or dioVane (Björkman's) and acetic acid (LCC-AcOH) processes are the most widely applied. The oVidation and methylation treatments of LCC materials elucidate the locations and frequency of binding sites of hemicelluloses to lignin. The two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis allows the identification of the structure and the quantity of lignin-carbohydrate bonds inZZZolZZZed in LCC. LCC application seems promising in medicine due to its high anti-HIx, anti-herpes, and anti-microbial actiZZZity. In addition, LCC was successfully employed as a precursor for the preparation of spherical biocarriers.
